茉莉花效应：谷歌投资百万研发工具促网络透明度

Google指责中国干扰Gmail服务，但中国以无证据为由坚决予以否认。Google现在宣布向乔治亚理工学院提供百万美元，研究网络审查和流量分析的检测工具，促进互联网的透明度。

乔治亚理工学院的研究人员将用两年时间开发相关工具，如果Google认为开发需要延长一年，它将再投入50万美元。在项目结束之后，研究人员将会公布一套基于Web，适应互联网规模的工具，任何用户都可免费使用。用户可以用这些工具了解网络中的数据发送接收情况，判断流量是否经过了政府或ISP的过滤。项目主要研究员、计算机科学教授Wenke Lee表示，这项工作将为网络创造一个"透明系统"。
GEORGIA TECH TO PURSUE 'TRANSPARENT INTERNET' WITH $1M GOOGLE FOCUSED RESEARCH AWARD
Two-year project will provide tools for users worldwide to monitor their Internet Service Providers' performance
ATLANTA � March 22, 2010 � What if Internet users could click a button and determine whether their service was being artificially slowed down? Or if the government were censoring their content? In the name of Internet transparency, a team of Georgia Tech researchers will use a $1 million Google Focused Research Award to provide Internet users around the world with just those kinds of tools.
The two-year unrestricted award (with a third-year option for an additional $500,000) will fund a range of activities that together are intended to make Internet access more transparent for the billions of network subscribers around the globe. At the end of the project, the team hopes to provide a suite of web-based, Internet-scale measurement tools that any user around the world could access for free. With the help of these tools, users could determine whether their ISPs are providing the kind of service customers are paying for, and whether the data they send and receive over their network connections is being tampered with by governments and/or ISPs.
"Community collaboration is a big part of this project," said Wenke Lee, Professor in the School of Computer Science and a principal investigator on the grant. "Ultimately we hope this project will help create a 'transparency ecosystem,' where more and more users will take advantage of the measurement tools, which in turn will improve the accuracy and comprehensiveness of our analysis.
"For example," Lee continued, "say something happens again like what happened in Egypt recently, when the Internet was essentially shut down. If we have a community of Internet user-participants in that country, we will know instantly when a government or ISP starts to block traffic, tamper with search results, even alter web-based information in order to spread propaganda."
Lee's fellow PI on the award is Nick Feamster, Assistant Professor in the School of Computer Science. The two are joined by co-PIs Mustaque Ahamad, Professor in the School of Computer Science and Director of the Georgia Tech Information Security Center; Patrick Traynor, Assistant Professor in the School of Computer Science; and Henry Owen, Professor in the School of Electrical & Computer Engineering.
The project, funded under Google's 2-year-old Focused Research program, will analyze Internet access along three main properties: reachability from a variety of access networks; performance of user networks, particularly in comparison to the performance promises made by Internet service providers (ISPs); and integrity of information moving through these networks.
According to Feamster, some 60 nations (including the United States) censor some access to information on the Internet. Moreover, the total number of worldwide users (currently estimated at 1.9 billion) is expected to double within the next decade. Finally, at least 4.5 billion people subscribe to cellular networks, accessing through their mobile devices everything from online banking services to streaming music and video. Both "traditional" Internet connections and cellular-based networks will be covered by the tools the researchers hope to create.
"Regardless of what policies an ISP or government takes on issues like censorship and net neutrality, we believe those policies should be transparent," Feamster said. "In addition to new network measurement and security monitoring algorithms, we want to create and deploy a 'transparency watchdog' system that uses monitoring agents to keep constant tabs of network performance and availability in strategic Internet locations around the world."